Improvement in revolving fire-arms



D. SMITH. Revolving Fire-Arm.

No. 221,000. Patented Oct. 28,1879.

N4 FETERS. FNOTO-LITHOGRAPNER."WASHINGTON. D. c,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DEXTER SMITH, OF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT lN REVOLVING FIRE-ARMS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 221,000, dated O Etober28, 1879; application filed July 29, 1879..

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DEXTER SMITH, of Springfield, county of Hampden, andState of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements inDevices for Operating Extractors in Revolving Fire-Arms, which imthecylinder that no gas from the discharged cartridges can blow back intothe extractorsteln cavityin the cylinder, and so that the cylinder maybeeasily moved in theline of the base-pin longitudinally to operate theextractor, and be easily removed from said pin for the purpose ofloading it with cartridges, and be replaced thereon with facility; andit consists in-making the front end of the extractor'stem cavity in thecylinder gas-tight, or making the central portion of the front end ofthe cylinder between the cartridge-chambers solid, and forming the frontbearing or journal of the cylinder of one piece therewith, and in somaking the extractor-stem cavity and the end of the extractor-stem whichoperates therein that the cylinder may be moved freely forward thereonfor a fixed distance while the extractor-stem is held back by thebase-pin, and in forming on the base-pin and on the inside of theextractorstem a short corresponding screw-thread, which operates as astop to keep the cylinder on the pin,

while it permits of placing the cylinder there 011 or removing ittherefrom by turning it slightly.

Referring to the drawings, which consist of seven figures, Figure 1 is alongitudinal section of a cartridge-cylinder and extractorstem embracingmy improvements. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of a base-pin adapted tooperate in the extractor-stem, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of theextractor and stem removed from the cylinder. Fig. 4 is a longitudinalsection of the cylinder and a side elevation of the extractor and stem,showing a modified construction of the cylinder and of the method forsecuring the extractorstem therein. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of aportion of a pistol frame and barrel, showing the cylinder and extractortherein in the position in which they will be found after having beenoperated to extract the cartridge-shells. I Fig. 6 is a side elevationof a cylinder and extractor in position on the base-pin, showing theextractor-stem partlyin section. Fig. 7 is a rear end elevation of thecylinder.

In the drawings, a is the cylinder. 2) is the journal-screw. c is theextractorstem. c is the extractor. (Z is the base-pin. c is theextractor-stem screw. t, Fig. 4, is the extractorstem nut. s is thejournal. 0 is a screwthread on the interior of the extractor-stem, and 0is a screw-thread on the base-pin.

Like letters refer to like parts in the several figures.

Fig. 1 shows one manner of constructing the cylinder and fitting theextractor-stem so that it works in its cavity therein without beingexposed to any gas that may escape when a cartridge is fired.

In this construction the cylinder has a hole bored through the center,and then is counterbored for about the distance and to the size thereshown, or of a suitable size to allow the head of screw 0 in the end ofthe ex tractor-stem to move freely back and forth therein. The portionof the first hole at the rear end of the cylinder is then formed square,to correspond with the form of the extractorstem, and the front end istapped to receive a screw. The other ordinary operations on the cylinderto fit it for use and to receive the ex tractor are performed in theordinary manner.

The extractor and stem are made in the form shown, but with a shortscrew-thread, 0, around the cavity in the stem, and with its forward endtapped to receive the screw 0.

The base-pin is made to enter the cavity in the extractor-stem, and witha short screw= thread, 0, upon it, as shown.

Screw b has formed upon it the journal or bearing 8, and is fitted, asshown, to screw tightly into the front end of the extractor-stem cavityin the cylinder.

The construction of the cylinder in Fig. 4 differs from that describedabove, and provides a way for forming the extractor-stem cavity in it,by boring into it from the rear,

but not clear through it, and thus allowing of the formation of thejournal or bearing 8 upon the front end of the cylinder, of one piecewith it. Into the rear end of the cylinder, in Fig. 4, Ifit a nut, i,made to slip over extractor-stem c, and against which, when screwed intothe cylinder to secure the said stem, the head of screw 0 brings up whenthe cylinder is moved out.

The above-described modified construction (shown in Fig. 4) is not theinvention of this application, but is reserved for a separateprotection.

Fig. 6 shows the relative position of the two short screw-threads on thebase-pin andin the cavity in the extractor-stem, they being located sothat when the cylinder and its operating parts are inclosed in thepistol-frame, with the barrel in a position to fire, the thread on thecavity in the extractor-stem is passed beyond and to the rear of thatone upon the base-pin, and with said screw-threads in this position theextractor-stem and cylinder cannot be rethe barrel is turned up into theposition shown in Fig. 5, and the cylinder is drawn forward into theposition there shown. In so doing the screw-thread 0, on the interior ofthe extractor-stem c, is drawn against that one on the base-pin, and bygiving the cylinder a turn or two the parts become unscrewed one fromthe other, and the cylinder is released from the base-pin, and may becharged with cartridges, after which it may be replaced in the pistol byturning it upon the base-pin in an opposite direction to cause the saidthreaded parts to pass one by the other.

When it becomes desirable to eject empty shells from the cylinder, themovement of it forward, as shown in Fig. 5, eflects that object, for theextractor is held back by the abutment of the two screw-threads oneagainst the other, as above set forth, and the cylinder is thus drawnaway from the shells, allowing them. to drop.

By the foregoing it will be seen that there is perfect freedom for allrequisite movement longitudinally of the cylinder, to allow ofextracting the shells, while the extractor is firmly held back in thepistol-frame, but easily removed therefrom by slightly turning it on thebase-pin; and also that provision is made in this improved constructionof cylinder and extractor-stem for guarding the extractor-stem cavity inthe cylinder from the introduction therein of any gas whatever from thefired charges, thus keeping those parts free from such obstruction aswould result from the admission of said gas therein.

What I claim as my invention is-- 1. The combination, with the base-pinof a revolving fire-arm provided with the screwthread 0 thereon, of anextractor stem arranged to operate thereon, and having the screw 0formed around the base-pin cavity therein, substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

2. The combination,with cylindera, of screw 1), provided with thejournal or projection s, the extractor-stem 0, provided with screw 6,and having the screw-thread 0 formed on the basepin cavity therein, andthe base-pin d, having the screw-thread o thereon, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

DEXTER SMITH.

In presence of- H. A. OHAPIN, WM. H. CHAPIN.

